Baer's Pochard (Aythya baeri) is a diving duck found in eastern Asia. It breeds in Southeast Russia and north-east China, migrating in winter to southern China, Vietnam and India. The name commemorates the Estonian naturalist Karl Ernst von Baer.

It is similar in size and stance to its close relative the Ferruginous Duck (A. nyroca), although the coloration of the drakes (males) is entirely different. Baer's Pochard males are similar to those of the Greater Scaup (A. marila), but have a dark back and upper flanks; the white lower flanks and belly are conspicuous. The females of Baer's Pochard and the Ferruginous Duck are quite similar, but that holds true for the females of almost all Aythya species.

Formerly classified as an Vulnerable species by the IUCN, recent research shows that its numbers are decreasing more and more rapidly. It is consequently uplisted to Endangered status in 2008.