The Bahia Tapaculo (Eleoscytalopus psychopompus) is a species of bird in the Rhinocryptidae family. It is endemic to lowland Atlantic forests in Bahia, Brazil. Until recently, it was feared extinct, but has since been rediscovered and is now known from the municipalities of Ilhéus, Maraú, Taperoá, Valença. It remains highly threatened by habitat loss and is consequently considered critically endangered by BirdLife International and IUCN. Together with the closely related White-breasted Tapaculo, it was formerly placed in the genus Scytalopus, but these two species are now known to be closer to the bristlefronts (genus Merulaxis).