The Chestnut-eared Aracari, Pteroglossus castanotis, is a bird native to central and south-eastern South America. It belongs to the toucan and aracari family (Ramphastidae). P. castanotis is a larger, more colorful bird than the Black-necked Aracari (P. aracari), which it otherwise resembles.

The range of the Chestnut-eared Aracari is the southern Amazon Basin, especially the southwestern of this region. It is also found in the eastern Andean foothills; a narrowing range extension enters central-southern Colombia by 900 km.

The southern Amazon Basin range narrows in the southeast to only the upstream half-headwaters of the north-flowing Amazon River tributaries. This range countinues southeastwards into the central and southern Cerrado and ends in the Paraná River region in eastern Paraguay, southeastern Brazil and the extreme northeast of Argentina.

Ischnoceran lice found on the Chestnut-eared Aracari were first described as Austrophilopterus cancellosus castanotus. But these parasites are actually indistinguishable from those on most other Pteroglossus, and today united with them in Austrophilopterus flavirostris.