at Keoladeo National Park, Bharatpur, Rajasthan, India.

The Chestnut-shouldered Petronia or Yellow-throated Sparrow (Petronia xanthocollis) is a species of sparrow-like bird found in South Asia.

It is found in forest and open scrub habitats. The species breeds in tree hollows often making use of the holes made be primary hole nesting birds such as barbets and woodpeckers.

Three races are described: the nominate from India (type locality: Bengal), transfuga Hartert (type locality: Bagu Kelat, eastern Baluchistan) from Sind, Baluchistan and Afghanistan and occidentalis Koelz (type locality, Abulhassan, near Sar i Dasht, Bakhtiari) from Iran westwards.