The Henderson Petrel (Pterodroma atrata) is a species of seabird in the Procellariidae family. It is found in the Pitcairn Islands, primarily Henderson. It is closely related to P. arminjoniana and P. heraldica. Its natural habitats are subtropical or tropical moist lowland forests and open seas.

During Captain Cook's voyages in the eighteenth century, Daniel Solander wrote in his manuscript of the procuring of a petrel which he named Procellaria atrata. It was not until 1912, when Gregory Mathews (Birds of Australia, volume 2) published Solander's account, and created this name (later amended as Pterodroma atrata for systematic purposes). However, Mathews did not actually designate a new type, as what Solander had described was considered to be merely hypothetical.