The Rufous Motmot, Baryphthengus martii, is a near-passerine bird which is a resident breeder in rain forests from northeastern Honduras south to western Ecuador, northeastern Bolivia, and southwestern Brazil.

This large motmot is 46cm long and weighs 195 g. it is mainly cinnamion-rufous, with a black face mask and central breast spot, green wings and sides, a greenish-blue lower belly, and dark blue tail and flight feathers. The tail is very long with a bare-shafted racket tip, and the bill and legs are black. Young birds are paler and duller than adults, and lack the tail rackets and black breast spot. The call of the Rufous Motmot is a low owl-like hoop hoop huhuhuhuhuhu.

This is a bird of tall wet forest and second growth. It nests in a 4-5 m long tunnel in a bank or the side of a mammal burrow. The clutch size and eggs are undescribed.

Rufous Motmots feed on insects, lizards, fish and crabs, and also take many fruits, especially those of palms and Heliconias. These birds often sit still on a canopy perch, and in their dense forest habitat can be difficult to see, despite their size and colour.

The binomial commemorates the German botanist and explorer Carl Friedrich Philipp von Martius.